Which document declared the independence of the American colonies?

The Declaration of Independence is the document that declared the independence of the American colonies from British rule. Adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, it articulated the colonies' reasons for seeking independence, emphasizing the principles of individual rights and government by consent. The Declaration outlined a series of grievances against King George III, asserting the colonies' right to self-governance and the belief that all men are created equal with certain unalienable rights, such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. This document played a crucial role in uniting the colonies against British oppression and has become a foundational text in American history, symbolizing the ideals of freedom and democracy.

In contrast, the Bill of Rights refers specifically to the first ten amendments to the Constitution, ensuring individual liberties and rights. The Articles of Confederation served as the first constitution for the newly independent states but lacked a strong central government and was eventually replaced by the current Constitution. The Constitution itself established the framework of the federal government and was ratified in 1788, long after the Declaration had already proclaimed independence. Thus, the Declaration of Independence stands out as the authoritative statement of separation from British authority and the birth of a new nation.