Which of the following describes the act of enlisting citizens into military service?

The act of enlisting citizens into military service is best described as conscription. Conscription refers to the mandatory enlistment of individuals into the armed forces, often during times of war or national emergency. This practice involves the government requiring eligible citizens, typically based on age and health criteria, to serve in the military, ensuring that there are sufficient personnel to meet national defense needs.

While terms like recruitment and enlistment may also relate to bringing individuals into military service, they do so in different contexts. Recruitment generally refers to the process of encouraging volunteers to join the military, focusing on persuading individuals to enlist voluntarily. Enlistment, on the other hand, denotes the action of signing up for military service, either voluntarily or through conscription. Mobilization relates to the broader process of preparing and organizing military forces for active service, which can include both conscription and enlistment but does not specifically denote the act of enlisting citizens.

Therefore, conscription specifically addresses the mandatory nature of enlisting citizens into military service, making it the most accurate choice.